挥发油相关内容的研究进展摘 要:挥发油是中药材的主要有效成分之一,现代技术的应用人们对挥发油研究也越来越多。
现研究表明挥发油有多种药理作用,在临床应用十分的广泛,对人类保健也有重要意义。
从药食同源目录中选取几种药食材提取的挥发油作为拟开发复方制剂的复方成分,故需要对挥发油各方面进行深入的了解。
本综述主要阐述挥发油的理化性质,药理作用,提取工艺以及影响中药挥发油质量的因素。
关键词:药食同源;挥发油;理化性质;药理作用;提取工艺;影响因素Advances in Research on Volatile OilAbstract: Volatile oil is one of the main active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines, with the application of modern technology, people do more research on volatile oils. Now many researches have shown that volatile oils have a variety of pharmacological effects, these volatile oils are wide used in clinical and is important on human health. We choose some Chinese medicinal materials from the catalog of One Root of Medicine and Food .We prepare to make a compound with these Chinese medicinal materials volatile oils. It is necessary to know more about volatile oils. In this paper, the physical and chemical properties、the pharmacological effects and the extraction processes of volatile oils are mainly discussed. The influence factors of the quality of volatile oils are also mentioned.Key Words: One Root of Medicine and Food;Volatile oil;Physical and chemical properties;Pharmacological effects;Extraction processes;Influence factors挥发油是存在于植物中的一类具有芳香气味、可随水蒸气蒸馏出来而又与水不相混溶的挥发性油状成分的总称。
含挥发油的中草药非常多,亦多具芳香气,尤以唇形科(薄荷、紫苏等)、伞形科(茴香、当归、川芎等)、菊科(艾叶、苍术、白术、木香等)、芸香科(桔、花椒等)、樟科(樟、肉桂等)、姜科(生姜、姜黄等)等科更为丰富。
现药理实验表明中药挥发油具有抗炎、抗过敏、抗微生物、抗突变和抗癌的作用、对中枢神经系统的作用、对呼吸系统的作用。
随着现代技术的提高提取工艺也多种多样,如水蒸气蒸馏法,CO2超临界流体萃取法等。
由于挥发油突出的药理作用,在临床应用广泛。
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